During the Logical Design phase, the system's analysts makes use of the information collected in the Requirements phase to design the system independently of any hardware or software system (Hoffer, et al, 2008). The Design phase is best described by breaking it up into Logical Design and Physical Design subphases. Once this stage is complete, the process runs "downhill" (Hoffer, et al, 2008). Communication with the user is front-loaded into this phase, as the Project Manager does his or her best to get a detailed understanding of the user's requirements. The Waterfall method makes the assumption that all requirements can be gathered up front during the Requirements phase (Kee, 2006). As previously mentioned, however, the basic underlying principles remain the same. Furthermore, some models further break the Design phase out into Logical and Physical Design subphases (Hoffer, et al, 2008). Other models change the Requirements phase into the Idea phase (Jonasson, 2008), or break the Requirements phase out into Planning and Analysis (Hoffer, George, Valacich, 2008). The steps include Requirements Determination, Design, Implementation, Verification, and Maintenance. The original Waterfall method, as developed by Royce, is featured in Figure 1. (" The Waterfall Development Methodology", 2006) However, the basic underlying logic and steps present themselves in each interpretation. Sources differ when it comes to the specific steps in the Waterfall process (Jonasson, 2008), and I will detail some of these differences in the next paragraph. It quickly gained support from managers because everything flows logically from the beginning of a project through the end, (Jonasson, 2008). Royce in 1970, ( "The Waterfall Development Methodology", 2006). This method was originally defined by Winston W. The Waterfall approach to systems analysis and design wass the first established modern approach to building a system.
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